Translation in crosslanguage international business. Graduation thesis strategies to deal with nonequivalence at. In translation studies, equivalence is an important concept. Nida, eugene 1975 language structure and translation. Cristina chifane additional contact information cristina chifane. Equivalence versus nonequivalence in economic translation. Lexical sets and semantic fields in economic translation. The study of translation has covered the equivalence and nonequivalence of the source text and the target text. Hence, it is quite legitimate to discuss nonequivalence and its applicability in translating culturespecific terms and concepts including idioms, metaphors and proverbs. A case study of english translation into persian ahmad ezzati collage of foreign language islamic azad university, shahreqods branch tehran, iran abstract this present paper tries to examine some obstacles in non equivalence at grammatical level, and then researches. Nonequivalence in translation can be evidenced through numerous examples in the process of translating from arabic into english. The data were collected from the translation results of the newspaper.
Types of nonequivalence in the kikamba bible translation. The translation can be onetoone, onetomany or even onetonone, when a concept cant be translated in the tl. A digital online journal for translators, interpreters, and interested friends of the translation industry. However, the process is hampered by nonequivalence, which.
Common problems in continuation we will see some common varieties of nonequivalence at word level with examples in english or italian when possible. The strategies dealing with problems of nonequivalence at. But this modified notion of textlevel equivalence has had to come through non equivalence at the word level. The investigation of equivalence in translation reveals that how translators exactly transfer massage in translation from the source language into target language or vice versa. It is believed to qualify as a broadconcept article. The analysis proved that 3 problems of nonequivalence translation found in the tale, meanwhile there were 3 translation strategies applied in making the translation itself. It is the method whereby the translators purpose is not to give a literal, wordforword rendition but to transfer the meaning of the text as would be best expressed in the words of the receptor native language. This work can be prohibitively intensive, might lead to spurious evidence of equivalence and has not produced much. A translation equivalent is a corresponding word or expression in another language. Mona baker s on equivalence pages 1 50 text version. Dynamic equivalence, as a respectable principle of translation, has been around in the translation sector for a long time.
Nonequivalence at word level and above level in harry potter. Non equivalence, then, is a legitimate field of translation theory. Equivalence and nonequivalence mata taran andreici west university of timi. In the present presentation we will discuss the problem of nonequivalence but first we will understand what is equivalence and the difference with nonequivalence which is one of the most common problems in translation, when it happens and what are the most common issues with nonequivalence.
The objectives of this study are to investigate the problem of nonequivalence at word level found in mathematics bilingual textbook and to investigate the translation strategies used. Non equivalence at scientific terms in mathematics. Properly addressing non equivalence at this level will pave the way for the successin the fight against non equivalence at higher level colloquial, sentence, paragraph etc. Equivalence is a powerful tool in service of that goal, but it only works when you have a deep, comprehensive understanding of the process. The study established two types of non equivalences. A study of translation strategies in the translation of. As a matter of fact, translators and translation theorists worldwide have long realized the essence of translation as a kind of communication. In the present presentation we will discuss the problem of non equivalence but first we will understand what is equivalence and the difference with non equivalence which is one of the most common problems in translation, when it happens and what are the most common issues with non equivalence. It may be written directly at this page or drafted elsewhere and then moved over here. A literal translation is a useless translation you have to understand the meaning behind the words. Nida, who probably has earned the title of the father of dynamic equivalence, though he more recently has chosen to call the process functional equivalence,4 sees hermeneutics as entirely separate from dynamicequivalence translation procedures,5 but does. Translational equivalence is the similarity between a word or expression in one language and its translation in another. But this modified notion of textlevel equivalence has had to come through nonequivalence at the word level.
In actuality, there is an important distinction between the two terms. Nevertheless, a translator needs to be aware of some strategies which may be used to deal with nonequivalence in certain contexts. Nonequivalence nonequatability of st and tt, to be measured by a set of textspecific parameters for each instance of evaluation against the evaluators individual ranking of these parameters according to their relevance for translation. English makes frequent use of suffixes such as ish e. The concept of equivalence in translation one hour translation. As a consequence, the nature of non equivalence, its taxonomy and strategies tackling non equivalence at word level, the basic unit of meaning, will be clearly clarified in this paper. Consequently, in this context, translation means interpretation. Equivalence problems in translation 87 hear with his diminished sense of hearing.
In this paper, we problematise the way translation has been treated in international business ib research. Noninferiority and equivalence are often used interchangeably to refer to a trial in which the primary objective is to show that the response to the novel intervention is as good as the response to the standard intervention. Non equivalence at scientific terms in mathematics bilingual. Nonequivalence at word level and somecommon strategies for dealing with it common problems of nonequivalence. Ibn abbas is nicknamed turjuman alquran meaning the translator of the quran or the interpreter of the quran. This similarity results from overlapping ranges of reference. Information about the openaccess article nonequivalence at idiomatic and expressional level and the strategies to deal with. The concept of equivalence in translation one hour. Beyond equivalence agnieszka chidlowa, emmanuella plakoyiannakib and catherine welchc a manchester metropolitan university, manchester, uk baristotle university of thessaloniki, thessaloniki, greece cuniversity of sydney, sydney, australia this is an authorgenerated version. Inview of the complexity of non equivalence and the limited space of this paper, the author willhave to confine the discussion only to non equivalence at word level. S in english language program of the english language department specialized in translation by. It must be said that much ink has been devoted to the problem of nonequivalence in translation which shed light on many studies. This model requires intensive translation work on measures to preserve equivalence. We start by conducting an interpretive content analysis of both qualitative and quantitative crosslanguage studies published in four core ib journals over the course of a decade.
The purpose of the study is to identify and classify the strategies used by the translator, dealing with the nonequivalence problems at word level which occur in the translation of a novel by stephenie meyer entitled twilight. In history, translation has always functioned as a bridge for people who do not know foreign languages to understand the source text. Pdf an investigation of partial meaning and nonequivalence. Not only the meaning but also the culture of the source text should be taken as the consideration in translation to the target language. Introduction this article has taken shape as a result of translation activity when, as. Nonequivalence at grammatical and word level and the strategies to deal with. Musyoka and others published types of nonequivalence in the k. There are many possible problems of nonequivalence between two languages, here we will address a few that we think might be relevant to the type of translations youll be doing at dcs. There are many levels of equivalence, and word level equivalence is the lowest level. Linguistic equivalence in translation one hour translation. Likewise, we shall illustrate a number of translation strategies necessary to deal with the aforementioned cases of non equivalence.
Different views to non equivalence english language essay. In other words, nonequivalence becomes more equivalent than equivalence. Above the word level, translation is hampered by the use of figurative language in the source text. The most striking cases of nonequivalence of this kind are the socalled false friends.
The notion of nonequivalent vocabulary in linguistics. The term has caused, and it seems quite probable that it will continue to cause, heated debates within the field of translation studies. If confined to a written language, translation is a cover term with three distinguishable meanings. Translational equivalence sil glossary of linguistic terms. The study reveals that non equivalence is difficult to handle at lexical level mostly due to culturespecific words. Translation of song lyrics, translation strategy for dealing with nonequivalence at word level based on bakers 1992 framework, songs in walt disneys animated feature films 1 research article from the thesis for master of arts, english program, naresuan university, 2015. Therefore, theorists in the field of translation studies are. Properly addressing nonequivalence at this level will pave the way for the successin the fight against nonequivalence at higher level colloquial, sentence, paragraph etc. Although translators do not normally work on wordforword equivalence, the discussion may serve as the basic step in dealing with non equivalence found in the source text. This paper aims at highlighting the fact that equivalence represents a concept worth revisiting and detailing upon when tackling the translation process of economic texts both from english into romanian and from romanian into english.
The objectives of this study are to investigate the problem of non equivalence at word level found in mathematics bilingual textbook and to investigate the translation strategies used. To be more specific, equivalence is one of the most important considerations of professional translation agents and freelance translation service experts alike when it comes to localizing a. Nonequivalence at word level and above level in harry. Some problemsolving strategies this site uses cookies.
The notion of translation equivalence is undoubtedly one of the most problematic and controversial areas in the field of translation theory. Features and necessity xiang yinhua school of foreign languages, chongqing jiaotong university chongqing,china, 400074 email. Our analysis shows the dominance of a technicist view of translation associated with the equivalence. Nonequivalence at grammatical and word level and the. Let us examine firstly idioms which are characterized by the similarity of images and nonparallel features of the actual meaning. Jun 30, 20 in translation studies, equivalence is an important concept. Translation of song lyrics, translation strategy for dealing with nonequivalence at word level based on bakers 1992 framework, songs in walt disneys animated feature films 1research article from the thesis for master of arts, english program, naresuan university, 2015. Non equivalence in translation can be evidenced through numerous examples in the process of translating from arabic into english. Nonequivalence no direct equivalent in the tl for a sl word, phrase, or idiom cultural nonequivalence situational linguistic nonequivalence grammar, vocabulary, meaning all types of translation involve. Moreover, the other approaches to equivalence can be taken into.
Graduation thesis strategies to deal with nonequivalence. Common problems in continuation we will see some common varieties of non equivalence at word level with examples in english or italian when possible. Nonequivalence, then, is a legitimate field of translation theory. The article defines some thoughts according to the notion of nonequivalence vocabulary. Translation by more neutral less expressive word 3. The data due to non equivalence vocabulary is acknowledged by uzbek, russian, english examples. Translation using a loan word or loan word plus explanation 5. Information about the openaccess article equivalence versus nonequivalence in economic translation in doaj. This concept could be abstract or concrete, it could refer to a. This study entails the translation of scientific terms from english into indonesian. As a consequence, the nature of nonequivalence, its taxonomy and strategies tackling nonequivalence at word level, the basic unit of meaning, will be clearly clarified in this paper. Translation involves the rendering of a source text message into the target text so as to ensure that the surface meaning of the two is approximately similar and the structures of the source language are preserved as closely as possible in the target text.
The problem of non equivalence linkedin slideshare. This study was conducted by using descriptive qualitative design. From the english translation itself the nonequivalence translation at word level observed. Translation in crosslanguage international business research.
Inview of the complexity of nonequivalence and the limited space of this paper, the author willhave to confine the discussion only to nonequivalence at word level. May 14, 2012 strategies for nonequivalence at word level 1. Detection of infra and crosscultural nonequivalence by. This study is aimed to identify, classify, and analyze the lexical nonequivalence in the translation of a newspaper article entitled mui rules out fatwa against facebook over cartoon. Generally, in evaluating a clinical trial from a statistical point of view, it is important to take into account whether it is a study of the classical type or one conducted with the aim of establishing equivalence or noninferiority. Most of the set phrases with equivalent meaning and internal form in russian and serbian are found in russian and serbian as cognates. This paper examines types of nonequivalences in the kikamba bible translation. Equivalence problems in translation nansy ahmad daoud mosleh alfaori translation department, yarmouk university, irbid, jordan equivalence is an important notion in translation theory.
The present disambiguation page holds the title of a primary topic, and an article needs to be written about it. Nonequivalence at idiomatic and expressional level and. Translation article entitled equivalence in translation. Related titles should be described in equivalence, while unrelated titles should be moved to equivalence disambiguation.
Translation strategies of non equivalence at word level in morris and hartog van banda comic lucky luke ghost hunt journal article submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of sarjana sastra s. Equivalence is one of the procedures used in translation. Nonequivalence at idiomatic and expressional level and the. Some of these cookies are essential to the operation of the site, while others help to improve your experience by providing insights into how the site is being used. There is no onetoone correspondence between orthographic words and elements of meaning within or across languages. This study revealed the nonequivalence and the strategy employed of the translation of english text. Equivalence versus nonequivalence in economic translation cristina, chifane1 abstract. It must be said that much ink has been devoted to the problem of non equivalence in translation which shed light on many studies. The study of translation has covered the equivalence and non equivalence of the source text and the target text. Dealing with nonequivalence of legal terminology a. A study of translation strategies in the translation of songs. A case study of english translation into persian ahmad ezzati collage of foreign language islamic azad university, shahreqods branch tehran, iran abstract this present paper tries to examine some obstacles in nonequivalence at grammatical level, and then researches. Far from being exhaustive, our analysis will focus upon the problems arising from the lack of equivalence at the word level.
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